About this stone
Color
YellowGolden YellowHoneyBrown
Origin
BrazilMadagascarRussiaUSASpain
Mohs hardness
7
Treatment categories
HeatedNatural
Industry-standard treatment
Most commercial citrine is heat-treated amethyst (Brazilian source); natural untreated citrine is rarer and pale yellow
Mineral chemistry
Quartz (SiO2) colored by ferric iron
Crystal system
Trigonal
Stone family
Quartz
Birthstone
November
Common cuts
Faceted RoundRoundFaceted Rondelle
Common sizes
2mm3mm4mm6mm8mm
Care notes
Durable (Mohs 7). Mild soap and soft cloth; ultrasonic generally safe.
Related stones
Amethyst, Ametrine, Smoky Quartz, Quartz
Frequently asked questions
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Is citrine the same as heated amethyst?
The chemistry is the same — both are iron-bearing quartz — and both reach the market as commercial citrine. Naturally-colored citrine forms when geological heat oxidized iron impurities in the quartz over geological time; heat-treated citrine is amethyst (the purple variety of the same quartz) heated commercially to produce the warm orange-amber color. Both are real citrine in the trade and gemological sense. The distinction matters for color register and pricing, and treatment status should be disclosed. -
Is most citrine on the market heat-treated?
Yes — the majority of commercial citrine is heat-treated amethyst, particularly material in the deeply saturated Madeira amber register. Naturally-colored citrine exists but is comparatively scarce and tends toward paler yellow, smoky-yellow, or soft golden tones. Treatment is a legitimate, FTC-disclosable process; the honest position is supplier disclosure rather than euphemism. Confirm treatment before buying. -
How can I tell natural citrine from heated amethyst?
Two field heuristics, neither definitive: deep orange-red Madeira saturation strongly suggests heated material (natural citrine rarely reaches that saturation), and pale lemon to smoky-yellow registers more often indicate natural color. Heated amethyst sometimes shows subtle color zoning from the original amethyst color distribution; natural citrine tends toward more uniform color. Lab analysis is the only reliable confirmation; supplier disclosure is the practical alternative for designers. -
Where does citrine come from?
Brazil — particularly Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul — is the dominant commercial source for both natural citrine and the amethyst rough that gets heated into commercial citrine. Madagascar, Russia, and Uruguay produce smaller quantities. Dakota's current active inventory includes Brazilian-origin material tagged on 15 strands; other strands may carry different origins and should be confirmed. -
How durable is citrine for daily wear?
Mohs 7 — durable enough for any jewelry application including rings, bracelets, and necklaces. Standard care: soft cloth with mild soap. Citrine's color, whether natural or heat-treated, is stable to ordinary wear and cleaning. Prolonged direct sunlight over years can slightly fade some citrine; rotate stored pieces rather than displaying continuously in direct sun if long-term color stability is a concern.